Unlocking the Rails: Does Indian Railways Uphold the Right to Equality?

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Introduction
The Indian Railways, often referred to as the lifeline of the nation, caters to more than 24 million of passengers per day. yet, a noticeable divide exists between the facilities and amenities offered in general, sleeper and AC coaches. the quality of service and comfort levels are worlds apart.
Have you ever heard anyone appreciating the hospitality & sanitation of any general coach railway in India? The answer is a straight forward ‘NO’


This raises a pertinent question - does this disparity align with the principles of equality and fair access to public property?

The Right to equality, a fundamental right guaranteed by the Constitution of India. It prohibits discrimination on various grounds, including social and economic status. Even Right to clean and hygienic conditions on trains and at railway stations, Right to assistance for senior citizens, pregnant women, and passengers with disabilities mention in rights of passengers in Indian Railways.

While it is understandable that AC coaches offer premium services and higher comfort levels but the gap between Sleeper and AC coaches seems to go beyond justifiable differences. Passengers in Sleeper coaches often face challenges such as
  • Overcrowded,
  • Smelly compartment
  • Wall smeared with spit
  • Toilets clogged & overflowing,
  • Wash basin looks like a crime scene,  
  • Floor of compartment being used as like dustbin.
  • Safety concerns incidents of theft, harassment, and accidents that passengers may face due to the lack of proper security measures and infrastructure.
  • Challenges faced by passengers with disabilities in accessing and utilizing railway services. inadequate provisions for wheelchair accessibility, lack of accessible toilets, and the overall disregard for the needs of differently-abled passengers in general class.
which raise concerns about the violation of their right to equality.  

The reduction in general, sleeper and 2nd class coaches to accommodate more premium services exacerbates the situation for low-income passengers. These coaches have long been the lifeline for millions of travelers who rely on affordable and basic facilities during their journeys. As these options diminish in favor of high-priced alternatives, the accessibility of train travel for marginalized communities is compromised. AC coach ticket can be 3-4 times more expensive than general compartments ticket and because of less number of affordable sleeper and general compartment low income group travel in a hassle environment as shown in pictures below.

  • In 2005, AC berths accounted for 23% and sleeper class berths, 77% but in last 18 years, these numbers have changed a lot.
  • In 2023, sleeper berths have reduced to 46%.
JAN SADHARAN TRAINS
Following the pandemic, the Indian Railways made the decision to discontinue the Jan Sadharan trains. Launched in 2002, these trains operated without reservations, allowing passengers to board with general compartment tickets. The aim was to offer a budget-friendly travel option, particularly catering to low-income migrant workers unable to afford reserved tickets. However, despite the affordability of these trains, the decision was made to terminate their service. Consequently, the general compartments on other trains have experienced a surge in overcrowding.

Conclusion
In conclusion, the disparity between general, sleeper and AC coaches in Indian railways raises important questions about equality and fair access to public services. as we strive towards a more inclusive and equitable society, it is crucial for the Indian railways to bridge this gap and ensure that all passengers, regardless of their ticket class, are treated with dignity and provided with basic amenities. It is time for a revolution in the way we perceive train travel, where every passenger's journey is marked by comfort, safety, and equality. Let us join hands to transform the Indian railways into a symbol of unity and inclusivity for all.

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